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The dosha responsible for metabolism and transformation in Ayurveda is Pitta. Pitta is associated with the fire element and governs all transformative processes within the body, including digestion, metabolism, and the transformation of food into energy and tissue. It encompasses not just physical digestion but also the metabolic processes that help maintain body temperature and support the functioning of various physiological systems.

Pitta is often linked to qualities such as heat, sharpness, and lightness, which are essential for the processes of cooking—both in terms of digestion and the transformation of substances. This makes it crucial for balancing metabolism and ensuring that the body properly utilizes nutrients.

In contrast, Kapha primarily relates to structure, stability, and lubrication in the body, while Vata governs movement and the nervous system's functioning. Ama, on the other hand, refers to toxins or improperly digested substances in the body, which indicates an imbalance rather than a dosha that facilitates metabolism. Thus, Pitta stands out as the dosha that directly correlates to metabolic functions and transformative processes within the body.