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The primary function of fat in the body is energy storage. Fats are a concentrated source of energy, providing roughly nine calories per gram, which is more than double the energy provided by carbohydrates or proteins. This makes fats ideal for long-term energy storage that the body can draw upon when needed, especially during periods of fasting or extended physical activity.

In addition to energy storage, fats play critical roles in protecting organs and acting as insulators for temperature regulation, but these functions are secondary compared to the essential role of fats as a fuel source for metabolic processes. Furthermore, while fats contribute to lubrication in terms of healthy cell membranes and the production of hormones, it's the capacity for energy storage that is considered the primary role of fat in the body. This energy reserve is vital for maintaining overall bodily functions, especially during times of increased energy expenditure or lower food availability.